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Computer
Networks:
Chase Information Systems, Inc. (CIS) began installing and configuring
computer networks from their very beginning. CIS is capable of implementing
the most reliable computer network. They have installed everything
from a two computer peer-to-peer network for a small office, to
a large scale gigabit Windows 2000 Server based installation.
CIS has had experience in Ethernet, Token Ring, PC-based, Mac to
PC hybrids, Unix-based, AS/400-based, Windows NT and Windows 2000
Server-based, Thin Client, plus more. The programming staff at CIS
have had years of experience in computer networking, reaching as
far back as the days of DOS and Windows for Workgroups 3.11. Back
in the days when the title "Computer Technician" meant
"the everything computer person."
| Computer
Network Possibilities : |
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Small Offices : |
2
to 10 PCs connected in a Peer-to-Peer setup to share data
and Internet connection ... |
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Medium Offices: |
Dozens
of computers connected to a Server, securely share data
and Internet access ... |
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Large Offices : |
Dozens
of computers connected to multiple Servers / Midrange
units, high security, ... |
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Computer Networks Overview:
Chase Information Systems, Inc. is able to setup and configure the
normal 10/100 Mbps (mega-bits-per-second) LAN (local area network),
as well as the high-end 1000 Mbps (Gigabit) LAN. From a small
office sharing data between 2 or 3 PCs in a Peer-to-Peer setup,
to a Windows 2000 Server-based solution with true user authentication
and remote access for a few dozen users spanning a number of
offices, to a medium sized multi-building corporate network.
CIS has partnered with a NECA-approved electrical contractor who
will install the Ethernet data cables to state and local fire code
specifications within the western NY and western Pennsylvania areas,
as well as install any patch-panels if necessary. CIS then installs
and configures the routers, switches, hubs, server(s), and user
computers. Funneling the Internet through the Router is also provided
by CIS, so that your entire office can share a single high-speed
Internet access service.
During the summer of 2002 CIS installed one of the only Gigabit
Local Area Networks (LAN) in southwestern New York for Digitell,
Inc. Gigabit is 1000 Mbps which is 100 times faster than the average
10 Mbps used in most offices. Gigabit network speed is usually reserved
for Wide Area Networks (WANs) crossing the nation and is not normally
set up in a small office environment (i.e., a LAN) because it is
quite difficult to properly implement for a LAN. In contrast, during
the year prior to this Gigabit Network installation for Digitell,
CIS installed a two PC small office network for a local attorney.
Being based near Jamestown, NY in beautiful Western New York causes
our physical location to limit us somewhat to the general geographic
region of the Eastern United States. CIS is willing to travel throughout
the US, but so far our sphere of clientele has kept us in the general
vicinity of Columbus, OH and Cleveland, OH up to Buffalo, NY and
Erie, PA and down to the Pittsburgh, PA areas.
However, no job is too small or too large, so give
CIS a call today...
Network
Speed Information:
The following information is solely for our visitors who are interested
in Computer Networking to gain a better understanding of network
speeds (as referred to above).
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Explaining Network Speeds ***
How often have you wondered
what the what kbps really means. Ever wonder how
fast a 10Mbps Ethernet is? How long SHOULD it take to
copy a file from one computer to another over different kinds
of networks? How long should a download take over a
modem? Is a 1mb network like Home PNA fast enough for
your home? In this article I will attempt to clarify modem,
broadband, and common networking speeds in a practical easy
to follow way.
Foreword: To keep this article clear
and simple, I have chosen to ignore the 1000/1024 'base 2'
issues.
Definitions
BIT:
abbreviated to a small b (Kbps), unit of measurement in a
computer representing a 1 or a 0
BYTE:
abbreviated to a capital B (KBps), another unit of measurement
in a computer, 8 bits are in a single byte. Other lengths
are possible like 16, 32, 64, etc but network communications
is based on 8 bit lengths.
Kbps: kilobits per second,
or 1000 bits per second
Mbps: Megabits per second
or 1,000,000 bits per second
Is It Bytes or Bits?
The small b in Kbps lets us know the unit of measurement is
bits. A capital B would let us know the measurement
is in Bytes.
Even though the metric system uses a small
k for kilo, the computer industry has chosen to use a capital
K in most cases.
Definition Examples:
56Kbps 56 X 1000 bits per
second = 56,000 ones and zero's
128Kbps 128 X 1000 bits per second
= 128,000 ones or zero's
460Kbps 460 X 1,000 bits per second
= 460,000 ones or zero's
1Mbps
1 X 1,000,000 bits per second = 1 million
one's or zero's
10Mbps 10 X 1,000,000 bits per
second = 10 million one's or zero's
Use:
So far so good. It would appear
that you have enough information to start figuring out how
long it takes to transfer files but you have to remember that
these speeds are in BITS not BYTES. When we look
at a file size we look at the number of BYTES not the number
of bits. Using this information we can build the
chart below.
Theoretical Maximum Speeds
| Common Name |
Used With |
Bits per Second |
Bytes per Second |
| 28.8Kbps |
Modems |
28,800 |
3,600 |
| 56.6Kbps |
Modems |
56,600 |
7,200 |
| 128Kbps |
ISDN |
128,000 |
16,000 |
| 460Kbps |
Cable Modem |
460,000 |
57,500 |
| 1Mbps |
Home PNA 1.0 |
1,000,000 |
125,000 |
| 1.6Mbps |
HomeRF |
1,600,000 |
200,000 |
| 10Mbps |
Ethernet |
10,000,000 |
1,250,000 |
| 100Mbps |
Fast Ethernet |
100,000,000 |
12,500,000 |
Aprox Theoretical Transfer Times:
| Common Name |
Used With |
Time to Transfer 1 Megabyte |
Time to transfer 50 Megabytes |
| 28.8Kbps |
Modems |
4.5 Min |
3.8 Hrs |
| 56.6Kbps |
Modems |
2.3 Min |
2 Hrs |
| 128Kbps |
ISDN |
1 Min |
50 Min |
| 460Kbps |
Some Cable Modems |
17 Sec |
14.5 Min |
| 1Mbps |
Home PNA 1.0, Cable Modes |
8 Sec |
6.5 Min |
| 1.6Mbps |
HomeRF |
5 Sec |
4 Min |
| 10Mbps |
Ethernet |
1 Sec |
40 Sec |
| 100Mbps |
Fast Ethernet |
1 Sec |
4 Sec |
Theoretical vs Real times:
So many factors go into real transfer
times that it is very difficult to wrap blanket numbers around
them. Once you get over ISDN speeds, network latency,
protocol overhead, driver efficiency, and all kinds of other
technical things get in the way. In general, expect
transfer speeds of 40 to 80% of the maximum speed.
Aprox Real Transfer Times:
| Common Name |
Used With |
Time to Transfer 1 Megabyte |
Time to transfer 50 Megabytes |
| 28.8Kbps |
Modems |
6-12 Min |
4.8-9.6 Hrs |
| 56.6Kbps |
Modems |
3-6 Min |
2.4-4.8 Hrs |
| 128Kbps |
ISDN |
1-3 Min |
1-2.1 hrs |
| 460Kbps |
Some Cable Modems |
22-43 Sec |
18-36 Min |
| 1Mbps |
HomePNA 1.0**, Some Cable Modes |
10-20 Sec |
8-16 Min |
| 1.6Mbps |
HomeRF** |
6-13 Sec |
5-10 Min |
| 10Mbps |
Ethernet, HomePNA 2.0** |
1-2 Sec |
50-100 Sec |
| 100Mbps |
Fast Ethernet |
1 Sec |
5-10 Sec* |
*PCI Bus inefficiency
can easily make this 9-14 seconds
**Often, these systems run at 1/2 speed
because of interference
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